Oceania, Melanesia, Papua New Guinea, Massim peoples, ca. early 20th century CE. An impressive early 20th century Massim tabuya, or wave splitter, carved from a single piece of wood and once mounted to the bow or stern of a great nagega Kula canoe. This dynamic, boomerang-shaped form features intricate openwork carving on both sides, its sweeping curves and coiled motifs painted in the traditional palette of red, black, and white pigments derived from natural materials. The design is dominated by swirling scrolls and the doka motif - an imagined creature often interpreted as a hybrid of bird and serpent - which serves both as decoration and as a structural framework for the design. The tabuya was mortised into the canoe nose beneath the lagim (splashboard), functioning structurally as a brace while visually announcing the canoe's prestige and the skill of its carver.
Size: 33" L x 1.5" W x 14.6" H (83.8 cm x 3.8 cm x 37.1 cm)
Often incorporating bird imagery, such as the frigate bird, these designs evoked supernatural protection and reflected the canoe's prowess on the sea. In Massim society, canoes were status symbols, much like fine vessels of state or luxury craft elsewhere, and a beautifully carved prow ornament was both a badge of honor and a tool of persuasion during the highly ritualized Kula trade expeditions.
As the canoe cut through the waves, the tabuya not only deflected spray but also presented a mesmerizing visual display, intended to "soften the minds" of trade partners and secure favorable exchanges. The motifs, with their spiraling energy, are deeply rooted in Massim maritime cosmology, evoking the motion of waves, the coiling of sea creatures, and the harmony between ocean travel and the supernatural. This example, with its elegant carving and traces of original pigment, is a fine survivor from the height of Kula voyaging in the early 20th century.
This piece was exhibited at the Wheelwright Museum of the American Indian" Santa Fe, New Mexico in the exhibition "Connoisseurship and Good Pie: Ted Coe and Collecting Native Art" from July 2015 to April 2016 (organized by the Ralph T. Coe Foundation).
Provenance: Ralph T. Coe Center for the Arts, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, acquired on November 20th, 1989; ex-John Kania, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; ex-Los Angeles, California, USA collection
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#195945
Condition
One old repair at the very front where snake meets bird; remnants of old fiber at top. Evidence of mold in areas and stable fissure on back side. New drill hole near front and light scratches to bottom where it sat on base. Otherwise, nice presentation with good detail and liberal remaining pigments.