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THBAN UNPUBLISHED JOURNAL OF THE CHESAPEAKE AND NEW ORLEANS CAMPAIGNS OF 1814-1815 WATSON, GEORGE. Quarto with contemporary, marbled ...
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About Auction
LiveOct 19, 2019
Inaugural Sale of the Mars and Neptune Trust Nadeau's Auction Gallery info@nadeausauction.com
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- Lot Description
AN UNPUBLISHED JOURNAL OF THE CHESAPEAKE AND NEW ORLEANS CAMPAIGNS OF 1814-1815 WATSON, GEORGE. Quarto with contemporary, marbled boards (covers loose), with 181 numbered pages of text, written in ink. Manuscript journal or diary in two parts: the first a fairhand "Copy of the Revd. G Watson's Journal" describing life with Wellington's army in France during February-April 1814 (original now in the Dublin Public Record Office); the second part is the unpublished "Journal of the Revd. G. Watson's Voyage to America" records Watson's service with the British expeditionary force to America and is believed unique. George Watson (1787-1815) sought more than a quiet ministerial life in Devon and became a military chaplain. He was made chaplain general to the British expeditionary force under Major General Ross prior to its voyage to America. Watson, an educated and astute observer, had the luxury of being unencumbered with official duties, yet still had the advantages associated with being attached to the headquarters staff--one perk of which was having a horse. This afforded Watson unbounded opportunities to both observe and interview both fellow Britons and the Americans he also encountered. All of this culminated in his private American journal, one of the most important, balanced and detailed accounts of the invasion of the Chesapeake and the battle of New Orleans and to date, both unpublished and heretofore uncited. His description of the forced march to Bladensburg, during which "our men ... travelled about twelve miles under a burning sun by which some men were so much oppressed, as to drop down and die in the road" and the resulting battle, are vividly related: "As the head of our column advanced down the hill upon which the town is built, the enemy opened fire from a battery of three guns; upon our nearer approach, batteries on the right and left were opened. The 85th Regiment….was in advance.... After driving the enemy from his first position, they retreated to another, occupied by Commodore Barney, with five guns and five hundred sailors to work them....Commodore Barney, was severely wounded... and the regular troops perceiving that the militia were flying in all directions immediately following their example...." The army continued its advance and on "the morning of the 25th [June 1814]...the troops entered Washington. It consisted of about three hundred houses in general well built but without much appearance of streets....All private property was respected except one house at the entrance of Washington in which a barber of the name of Galatin* had placed himself by whom the general's horse was shot under him; this house was burnt the first. The Capitol was before its destruction by our army, a building of stone scarcely finished, with two substantial square wings and a dome in the middle all of the Grecian architecture.... The president's house was a very handsome building in the centre of the City. At the time our troops reached it, they found a table spread for dinner or perhaps for supper the preceding evening." From there, the chaplain accompanied the army in its ill-fated attempt on Baltimore on September 12th, during which "...we landed our troops on the east side of the Patapsco, at a place called north poin…after proceeding about five miles from the shore, the enemy commenced a firing upon our advance, and as General Ross was reconnoitering he was shot through the arm and lungs by an American Rifleman, and died in about an hour afterwards. He was universally lamented by the whole of his army." Abandoning the Chesapeake, the British reappeared before New Orleans in December and commenced operations against that city, which culminated in a final assault against General Andrew Jackson's earthwork lines at Chalmette on 8 January 1815, "during which we had about 2000 men killed, wounded & missing in the short space of half an hour: General Pakenham as well as General Gibbs, was shot under the trenches while rallying the troops." The journal concludes with the subsequent withdrawal from New Orleans, the attack on Fort Bowyer (Mobile) and the subsequent occupation of Dauphin Island, during which one officer noted that Chaplain Watson conducted his first service of the campaign. While in the South, Watson's health deteriorated and he embarked for England on March 12th, but died at sea sixteen days later. * "barber" was an English derisive term for a Frenchman and Watson clearly directed it towards Albert Gallatin, the French-born Secretary of the Treasury, from whose home it was believed the shots had come; however, no sharpshooter was found inside before the structure was put to the torch.All lots are sold "AS IS" The condition of lots can vary widely and are unlikely to be in a perfect condition. *No credit card payments will be accepted for silver, gold, or jewelry from buyers that have not purchased from our gallery in the past.
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