West Africa, Ivory Coast, Senufo culture, ca. early 20th century CE. A finely carved early 20th century wooden Kpeliyee mask from the Senufo people, used in Poro society ceremonies. The face is elongated and heart-shaped, featuring a slender, projecting T-shaped nose, narrow slit eyes recalling the form of coffee beans, and delicately incised brows. Flanking the visage are broad, wing-like panels carved with linear striations, their curved outlines echoing the mask's overall organic symmetry. Above rises an elaborate vertical crest, crowned with a stylized comb-like element of rhythmic projections, while below the mouth extends a tubular projection set with finely incised cross-hatching, from which radiate three gracefully arched tusk-like forms. Size: 4.3" L x 7.9" W x 14" H (10.9 cm x 20.1 cm x 35.6 cm)
Kpeliyee masks are worn in performances marking the initiation rites of the Poro society, a central institution in Senufo social and spiritual life. In these ceremonies, the mask represents idealized beauty and refinement, its harmonious proportions reflecting the Poro ideal of moral and physical perfection. The stylized features also embody ancestral spirits, whose presence is invoked to guide initiates into adulthood, safeguard community traditions, and reinforce social cohesion. The mask's serene expression and symmetrical composition convey a sense of composure, wisdom, and dignity.
Provenance: Ralph T. Coe Center for the Arts, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, acquired via descent in 2010; ex-Taylor Dale Gallery, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
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#196380
Condition
Light wear with some minor nicks and abrasions, as well as chipping to one spike. Otherwise, intact and excellent with good remaining detail and rich patina throughout.