Horn of Africa, Ethiopia, Coptic, ca. early 20th century CE. A remarkable 20th century Ethiopian Coptic psalter or prayer book, handwritten in Ge'ez, the ancient liturgical language of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. This codex, composed on vellum and bound in tooled leather, contains the Book of Psalms along with additional prayers, each rendered in the distinctive left-to-right Ge'ez script - a rare trait among Semitic languages, likely inherited from the influence of Greek in the Red Sea trade networks and the Christian Kingdom of Aksum, whose ruler Ezana embraced Christianity in 330 CE. Within its well-preserved folios are six full-page painted illustrations of profound devotional resonance, executed in the bold colors, rhythmic outlines, and patterned embellishments characteristic of Ethiopian sacred art. Subjects include the Madonna and Child, Christ preaching, Christ walking on water, the Archangel Michael, and the Crucifixion. Size: 3.9" L x 2" W x 5.1" H (9.9 cm x 5.1 cm x 13 cm)
A petite black cord tied to the upper right edge of each illustrated leaf allows the faithful to quickly locate these images during worship. The covers are each inset with a carved stone relief panel - the front depicting Saint Michael in high relief, with nimbus and outspread wings, the reverse featuring a bearded saint with hands raised in the orans position, an ancient gesture of prayer. These sculpted icons not only sanctify the manuscript externally but also act as protective talismans for its sacred contents.
Ethiopian manuscript production flourished in monastic scriptoria from the 14th through the 16th centuries, with later traditions carrying forward both the stylistic and spiritual heritage of that golden age. This example, though of later date, preserves that lineage - a synthesis of Judeo-Christian iconography, sub-Saharan visual traditions, and subtle Islamic influences, resulting in a devotional object that is as much a work of art as it is a vessel of scripture.
Provenance: private Wichita, Kansas, USA collection
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#196607
Condition
Binding is peeling and loose with chips and fraying Robbing with losses to cover and staining to pages; a few with small areas of loss. Text and imagery are very clear with good pigments.