Horn of Africa, Ethiopia, Coptic, ca. 20th century CE. A monumental Ethiopian protective scroll panel, vividly painted on hide and set within a gilt frame, its surface divided into illustrated registers interwoven with dense Ge'ez script prayers. The composition follows the ancient Ethiopian tradition of talismanic scrolls, in which sacred images and invocations are prescribed by spiritual healers to shield an individual from harm. Such scrolls are deeply personal, their prayers tailored to the recipient, often with content determined by the bearer's astrological sign, a belief system rooted both in Ethiopian Christian tradition and in concepts reaching back to ancient Greek astrology. The iconography alternates between intricate talismanic "seals" and vivid figural depictions of saints, angels, and archangels in their eternal struggle against demonic forces. Size of painting: 31" W x 39" H (78.7 cm x 99.1 cm); of frame: 38.5" W x 46" H (97.8 cm x 116.8 cm)
These geometric seals, patterned with interlaced lines, stylized faces, and radiating eyes, are modeled after the Seal of God revealed to King Solomon, intended to summon divine intervention and repel evil. At the heart of the imagery is St. Michael the Archangel, shown mounted and armed, triumphing over a bound demon - his role as celestial protector rendered with bold outlines and jewel-like colors.
Other registers feature seraphim with outspread wings, richly robed saints holding crosses, and apotropaic angels bearing blessing gestures. Opposite these are menacing demonic figures - one rendered in a startling mask-like visage with bulging eyes, another with horned head, fanged mouth, and bat-like wings - visual embodiments of spiritual threats. The script, densely inscribed in black and red, carries prayers for protection, exorcism, and intercession, its rhythmic placement reinforcing the spiritual cadence of the imagery.
This work stands at the intersection of text and image, liturgy and talisman, personal devotion and public declaration. While most Ethiopian scrolls are made in portable, narrow formats to be carried by their owners, this unusually large and elaborately painted example suggests a ceremonial or display use, perhaps for a chapel or the home of a prominent patron. It testifies to the enduring vitality of Ethiopia's Coptic Christian heritage, where ancient iconographic conventions, sacred language, and protective magic continue to converge in art of striking immediacy.
Provenance: private Wichita, Kansas, USA collection
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#196613
Condition
Mounted in custom matte and frame with suspension wire on verso for display. Professionally repaired with stitches along tears visible in areas. Small tear and area of loss to lower right. Some creasing and wrinkling to hide. Good remaining pigments with clear imagery.