Central Africa, Democratic Republic of Congo, Pende people, ca. second quarter of the 20th century CE. A haunting embodiment of Pende belief and performance, this mbangu mask presents a powerful visual narrative of illness, misfortune, and the unseen forces believed to cause them. Carved from wood and crowned with woven vegetal fiber cloth bound in black and russet raffia, the mask's contorted visage is rendered with striking asymmetry. The left side, coated in dark pigment, droops markedly - the eye set lower, the mouth twisted, and the cheek pitted with scar-like indentations. In stark contrast, the right side remains unpainted, its features upright, forming a vivid black-and-white duality. Among the Pende of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, such masks are performed in masquerades that dramatize affliction, with dancers limping on canes and wearing humped backs pierced by arrows - a reference to sorcerers' invisible projectiles. Size: 8.8" L x 9" W x 10.4" H (22.4 cm x 22.9 cm x 26.4 cm); 10.7" H (27.2 cm) on included custom stand.
The contrasting pigments speak to the Pende worldview in which good and evil, health and sickness, beauty and disfigurement are locked in constant tension.
While the mbangu's precise origins are obscured by oral tradition, enduring interpretations tell of a man who fell into fire during an epileptic seizure, or of one stricken by paralysis through sorcery. In performance, the mask is not a vehicle of ridicule but a lesson in compassion - reminding the community that misfortune may strike anyone. Rooted in deep ritual history yet evolving into new forms over the 20th century, the mbangu remains a potent emblem of resilience, caution, and communal empathy.
Provenance: Ralph T. Coe Center for the Arts, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, acquired in 2010 via descent; ex-private collection of Ralph T. Coe, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, purchased in April 2007; ex-Taylor Dale Gallery, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
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#196113
Condition
Old, native repair on proper right side with break line visible and some chipping to bottom rim. Some tearing and fraying to headdress with a few small areas of loss. Otherwise, excellent presentation with liberal remaining pigments.