MATTHIOLUS, PETRUS ANDREAS
Commentarii secundo aucti in libros sex Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbei de Medica Materia. Venice: Vincenzo Valgrisi, 1558; bound (as usual) with idem Apologia adversus Amathum Lusitanum. Venice: Vincenzo Valgrisi, 1558. The second Latin edition, containing 133 new woodcuts. Full 20th-century stained vellum, lettered in black on the spine, all edges sprinkled blue. 12 1/8 x 8 inches (31 x 20.5 cm); 50 ff., 776 pp.; 50, [2] pp.; α4 β6 [2]α-β6 γ-ζ6 η4; a-z, A-Z, 2A-2S6 2T4; A-C6 D8; woodcut illustrations of plants, mammals, fish and shells throughout. Light wear and soiling to binding, the rear hinge cracked through after the endpapers; the first 50 leaves of preliminaries stained (most severe to the first several leaves (with small paper restorations), pale staining to the balance of the section; some further staining in signatures K-O. Stamp of a Cremonese physician to the head of the title and the final two leaves, small shelf label on rear paste-down. Bookplate of Samuel L. Siegler.
Mattioli's herbal is a commentary on the writings of Dioscorides, the first-century writer on pharmacology. This second edition is the first to include Mattioli's attack on the Portuguese physician Amatus Lusitanus (d. 1568), which has a separate title page. Mattioli included many descriptions of new plants (including the tomato), and the accurate woodcut illustrations by Liberale and Meyerpeck helped make this work an enduring contribution to the nascent field of botany. Adams D667; Durling 3009; Johnston 80; Nissen BBI 1305; Wellcome 4139.
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